Questionnaire on Age and Stereotyping Social Dress Styles

1 Questionnaire on Age and Stereotyping Social Dress Styles Contents: Abstract Pg 3 Background Pg 4 Hypothesis Pg 5 †¢ Aim †¢ Hypothesis †¢ Null Hypothesis Methodology Pg 6 †¢ Method †¢ Design †¢ Participants †¢ Procedure †¢ Controls †¢ Materials †¢ Ethics †¢ Measurements and Analysis Results Pg 8 †¢ Descriptive statistics †¢ Inferential statistics †¢ Meaning of results Evaluation Pg 10 †¢ Strengths and Weaknesses †¢ Choices made †¢ Suggestions Appendices Pg 11 References Pg 14 Abstract This study is a self-report researching age in-relation to stereotyping social dress styles like Goth, Chav, Emo, Hoody and Urban.†¦show more content†¦It shows that the Mature Group has a higher mean score with 22.4 and the Young Group has a lower score with 21.4, with a difference of 1 between both scores. This pie chart shows the total score for each control group, Mature and Young. It also shows that the Mature group has a higher score with 336 than the Young Group has a lower score with 321, with a difference of 15 between both scores. Inferential statistics: U Value = 95.5 Critical Value = 64 Formula can be found in the appendix For the results to be significant then the value of U must be either equal or less than the critical value[2]. As the value of U is higher than the critical value there is no level of significance which shows that there is no significant difference with the level of stereotyping for both control groups, Mature and Young. Meaning of Results TheShow MoreRelatedHow Media Influence the Dress Up of College Students3285 Words   |  14 Pages HOW MEDIA INFLUENCE THE DRESS UP OF COLLEGE STUDENTS Lim Yoke Theng Faculty of Liberal Art INTI University College, Malaysia ABSTRACT This article presents a minor research examining the effects of how media influence the dress codes of college students. The results suggest that the students’ dress code are neutral under influential of media, by the way the students admitted there is an influential power comprised in media industry to affect the dress up-style of students. In addition,Read MoreCommunication Skills in Group Interaction Essay6517 Words   |  27 Pagespattern - dominating the group interaction Seating pattern - effective group communication Neil moonie (1996) - advanced health and social care ONE TO ONE INTERACTION Martin Seligman (1975) - helplessness in communication (2) Actual interaction - taken place on 4/02/03 at 2.30pm (1) Neil moonie - advanced health and social care www.mental health.com COMMUNICATION SKILLS WITHIN GROUP INTERACTION INTRODUCTION Communication is one of the mostRead MoreAreas of Knowledge of Hrm11342 Words   |  46 Pagesare derived from three main sources: legislation, collective agreement and the individual contracts themselves. The statutory provisions are of great importance and cover a wide range of matters such as wages, holidays, safety, health, welfare and social Security. A trade union is a continuous and voluntary association of the salary or wage earners engage in whatever industry or trade, formed for safeguarding the interest of its members, maintaining and improving the conditions of their working livesRead MoreAn Introduction to Intercultural Communication29172 Words   |  117 Pagescultural competency is beyond knowledge, awareness and sensitivity in that it is the digestion, integration and transformation of all the skills and information acquired through them, applied to create cultural synergy within the workplace. Stereotyping and Intercultural Training A common observation people make about intercultural awareness training is that it stereotypes people. The fact that intercultural training presents information on a particular nationality or culture is taken to be aRead MoreConsumer Behavior Essay15664 Words   |  63 Pagessecondary research? Under what circumstances might the availability of secondary data make primary research unnecessary? Q1. (b) What is opinion leadership? Q2. (a) What are the strengths and weaknesses of motivational research? Q2. (b) What is social class? Q3. (a) What is the relationship between Brand loyalty and brand equity? What role do concepts play in the development of marketing strategies? Q3. (b) Sony is introducing a new 27- inch TV with a picture- in- picture feature. How shouldRead MoreOverview of Hrm93778 Words   |  376 PagesHuman organization. It is a managerial function that tries to match an organization’s needs to the skills and abilities of its employees. Let’s see what is meant by the three HRM key terms†¦ human, resource, and management. †¢ Human (Homo-sapiens – Social Animal) †¢ Resources (Human, Physical, Financial, Technical, Informational etc) †¢ Management (Function of Planning, Organizing, Leading Controlling resources to accomplish goals efficiently and effectively) Management Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed ofRead MoreWorkplace Mediation36362 Words   |  146 Pagespresent it has a potential risk to cause the company serious problems Workplace conflict can be in many forms from serious flare-ups to less obvious, but less destructive forms of negativity. Workplace conflict can be caused by personality clashes or style differences and personal. Workplace factors such as poor leadership, poor management, unfair treatment, poor communication, budgets, discrimination, Unrealistic work expectations Mushroom effect – no one knows what’s happening around here, bullyingRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesManagement Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of the Manager’s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study 11 Disciplines That Contribute to the OB Field 13 Psychology 14 †¢ Social Psychology 14 †¢ Sociology 14 †¢ Anthropology 14 There Are Few Absolutes in OB 14 Challenges and Opportunities for OB 15 Responding to Economic Pressures 15 †¢ Responding to Globalization 16 †¢ Managing Workforce Diversity 18 †¢ Improving Customer ServiceRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pages47 The Defining Issues Test 48 v Cognitive Style Indicator 52 Locus of Control Scale 52 Tolerance of Ambiguity Scale 54 Core Self-Evaluation Scale (CSES) 56 SKILL LEARNING 57 Key Dimensions of Self-Awareness 57 The Enigma of Self-Awareness 58 The Sensitive Line 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-EvaluationRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages. . . .4 . .6 . .6 . .8 . .8 . 10 . 12 . 13 . . . . . . . 16 . . . . . . . 17 2—The Evolution of Management Thought . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Management in Ancient History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 The Effects of the Industrial Age on Management . . . . . 22 Classical Perspectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Scientific Management Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Bureaucratic School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Students Life Free Essays

At school there is a range of academic pressure we feel, derived from a need for refection, worry over grades, parental pressure, competition, sports, or a tough class load. Academic pressure does not begin In college. The nervous breakdowns, panic attacks, burnouts, and depression are also apparent In many younger students. We will write a custom essay sample on Students Life or any similar topic only for you Order Now The same situation is not always stressful for all people, and all people do not undergo the same feelings or off-putting thoughts when stressed. Having a strong support network to fall back on when times get tough at school is critical to staying upbeat and maintaining a big picture perspective. Friends can be the best people to relieve your stress, but they can also be the reason behind the tress. Choose the friends that will be positive and supportive when the going gets tough. Having a good group of friends at help you maintain a healthy and enjoyable lifestyle. External Factors Managing Pressure Academic Pressure Cheating Friends Competition External forces also create academic pressure. Many of us fail in the subject of time management and excel at procrastination. The cure requires dedication and commitment. Web, set a timer for 30 minutes. Time allocation helps divide the hours to reasonable amounts so you are not left at the 1 lath hour to complete homework. Some students Just want to take the easy way out and cheat. They may have Jobs after school to support their family or themselves, which carries a higher priority for them than school work. In the same context, many students feel that excelling in sports is a higher priority than school. Others may resort to cheating to make up for their lack of academic motivation or live up to the standards set up by older siblings or parents. Back to top There are many healthy ways to deal with academic pressure. If you don’t feel motivated about a subject, arrange a study group. Reward yourself after completing very section. Other ideas include: Finish your work at a nearby cafe © or library if the environment at home is not the best. If you play sports or work, take time to plan your hours to include more study time as well. If you know you have a big game coming up where you will be out for long practices, work ahead. Ask your teachers for assignments for the days you wont have sufficient study time. Make sure you maintain good sleeping and eating habits and, from time to time, go out for a run, a ride on your bike, and exercise. These will help alleviate your stress and get your body moving! Up in the morning’ and out to school The teacher is teaching’ the Golden Rule American history and practical math You studying’ hard and hoping’ to pass Working’ your fingers right down to the bone – Chuck Berry, School Days Ring! Ring! That lethal sound can only mean one thing; it is September and school is back in session, and along with it are the wandering eyes, cheat sheets, stolen tests, and technology, of course. Cheating has become the method of survival, the only way to reach and maintain the top for many†¦ But there are better routes to reach number one while keeping your integrity intact. Cheating does not make you a smarter or better person. If you set reachable goals, study hard, and get outside help, you can succeed academically without cheating. Activities and fall back on cheating when time runs out. People also resort to cheating when they have been pressured too much by their parents, or even by themselves. Finally, if you are ever caught cheating, the teacher who catches you will tell the rest of your teachers, and their trust in you and your college recommendation letters go out the window. When Friendly Competition Goes Too Far I can speak from experience when it comes to that less-th an-helpful sort of imputation between my friends and me that, often times, has been the cause of much of my academic stress. For myself, I didn’t want to let my parents or myself down by failing, but I also didn’t want to fall below the standards of my friends. And when your friends are all in the running for being the class valedictorian, it’s hard! But it’s important to set your own goals and take on your own responsibility. It’s good to be proud of other’s accomplishments, but it’s important to be proud of your own hard work as well. So every once in a while, make sure to give yourself a pat on the back! How to cite Students Life, Essays

Business for American Journal of Comparative Law -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBusiness for American Journal of Comparative Law. Answer: Introduction A limited liability company or LLC is referred as a corporation in which the members are responsible for its debts up to the amount of capital that they invest. In other words, members cannot be held personally liable for debts or liabilities the company (Tricker, 2011). This essay will provide arguments against the statement that the ability to create an LLC leads to excessive risk taking which negatively affects the society. In this context, excessive risk-taking means members of the company are more likely to take business risks that are not safe for the corporation or society in order to get substantial returns. The negative impact on society includes factors such as high risk of fraud by the members, high chance of loss suffered by shareholders, members are more likely to take rash business decisions, risk of unethical behaviour of members, and others (Ireland, 2010). Society includes different stakeholders that are directly affected by the actions of an LLC such as public, shar eholders, employees, government, creditors, investors, and others. The ability to create an LLC did not encourage its members to take excessive risks that negatively affect society because various laws and moral values bind them. This essay will discuss the role of the doctrine of piercing the corporate veil, moral values, stringent reporting, transparency, accounting requirements and others to argue why the ability to create an LLC did not encourage members to take excessive risks. Arguments (Against) A limited liability company is required to comply with a strict reporting system which enforces its members to continuously submit companys reports to government authorities which reduces the risk of excessive risk-taking. In limited liability companies, members did not have unlimited powers to do anything that they want in the firm. They are continuously under pressure to submit different reports of the enterprise to various parties such as shareholders, government, and public which assist them in reviewing their work (Luchs, et al., 2010). For example, the key document of LLC includes its annual report which includes crucial data regarding the organisation. The annual report includes tax report, management report, directors report, franchise tax report, and others. It includes the statement of overall revenue and operating expenditure of the enterprise that assists shareholders, government and public in evaluating the companys annual performance (Lehavy, Li and Merkley, 2011). The director report includes statements from the directors regarding the performance of the enterprise and the actions taken by them. Other than the annual report, LLCs submit various other reports to its shareholders and government as well for ensuring that it complies with necessary legal requirements. These reports enable shareholders, government and public to review the work of members, and they can hold them accountable for their action. Therefore, due to the continuous scrutiny of their work, members did not take excessive risks that might negatively affect the society. The doctrine of piercing of the corporate veil enables the court to avoid the provision of the separate legal entity and hold the companys directors liable for their actions which ensure that they did not take excessive risk-taking that can negatively affect the society. The piercing of the corporate veil is referred as a situation in which the court set aside the principle of the separate legal entity. The provision was given in Salomon v A Salomon Co Ltd case in which the court provided that a person operating a company cannot be held personally liable for its liabilities (Lawson, 2015). The corporate veil protects members in an LLC, but the court uses doctrine of piercing the corporate veil to hold companys members personally responsible for firms debts or liabilities (Macey and Mitts, 2014). Generally, courts have a strong presumption against the use of the doctrine of piercing of corporate veil and it is only applied in case of serious misconduct. The provision of veil piercing was introduced because directors misuse their power to take excessive risk in the company that negatively affect the interest of shareholders, creditors and society. Directors often misuse their position since to take excessive or absurd risks in the organisation that negatively affects the interest of creditors. In case of LLCs, the provision of limited liability can encourage directors to take extreme risks for smaller returns that adversely affect the interest of creditors (Huang, 2012). In such case, the court can pierce the corporate veil and hold directors personally liable for their actions. The court pierces a corporate veil in various cases, for example, when there is no separation between the firms and its owners, wrongful or fraudulent actions by directors, or in case creditors suffer unfair loss. The income of an LLC is taxed as the personal income of its members; therefore, members are not encouraged to take excessive risks as it negatively affects their income as well. An LLCs owners are known as members, and they are taxed as sole proprietors which mean that the income generated by the LLC passes through to its members personal income. This provision removes the risk of double taxation and allows the members to pay tax on companys income (Jelsma and Nollkamper, 2017). Members of an LLC are required to comply with a number of regulations in order to ensure smooth working of the enterprise. For example, in the United States, the regulations relating to limited liability companies differ based on states. The government implemented strict policies for limited liability companies in order to ensure that the members did not misuse their position and take excessive risks that lead to negatively affecting the actions of the society. Taking uncalculated risk negatively affects the income of an LLCs members as well which discourage them from making a rash business decision (Djelic and Bothello, 2013). The members also face the risk of losing their capital which they invest in the firm in case they take excessively risking decisions. Therefore, they are less likely to take risky business decisions which might result in negatively affecting the interest of society. In case of limited liability corporations, members are required to comply with a number of strict legal regulations which ensure that they are performing their duties ethically which discourage them from taking risky business decisions. An LLC has to comply with different legal requirements such as an operating agreement with suppliers, buy-sell agreement, profit distribution structure, changing tax status, and others. Effective compliance with these regulations ensures that members are performing their task ethically, and they are taking calculated risks rather than rash business decisions (Dammann and Schundeln, 2012). Members are accountable to report the performance and actions taken by them that affect shareholders, creditors, employees and public. Although the statutory audit is not mandatory for an LLC, most of the firms conduct them to get taxation and loan benefits. It also assists them in increasing the number of shareholders since investors prefer to invest in the corporat ions that conduct a regular audit of their accounts (Williams, 2012). Many countries are mandatorily applying the principles of corporate social responsibilities (CSR) over corporations which require its management to think morally while taking a business decision. An effective CSR model ensures that the management of an LLC takes into consideration the interest of each stakeholder while taking a business decision which avoids excessive risk-taking decisions (Hiller, 2013). Therefore, these policies ensure that the members of an LLC did not take excessive risks while operating their business which might negatively affect the society. Conclusion In conclusion, members of a limited liability company cannot be held personally liable for its liabilities or debts. The lack of liability did not encourage members of an LLC to take risky decisions because of various factors. Members are required to continuously update stakeholders by issuing different reports of the company which enforces them to take corrective actions. The reports are easily accessible to LLCs stakeholders, and members are required to justify their decisions and performance of the company in the report which discourage them from taking risky decisions as their actions are being monitored. The doctrine of piercing of corporate veil also discourages members to misuse their powers and take risky decisions that may negatively affect the society. In this doctrine, the court can pierce the corporate veil and held members personally accountable for companys liabilities or debts. Taking excessively risky decisions negatively affect the capital of members as well along wi th the society; therefore, they are less likely to take rash business decisions when their money is at stake. Strict government regulations also discourage members from taking a risky business decision that might negatively affect the society or shareholders of an LLC. Therefore, it is not correct to say that the ability to create an LLC leads to excessive risk taking which negatively affects the society. References Dammann, J. and Schndeln, M. (2012) Where Are Limited Liability Companies Formed? An Empirical Analysis.The Journal of Law and Economics,55(4), pp.741-791. Djelic, M.L. and Bothello, J. (2013) Limited liability and its moral hazard implications: the systemic inscription of instability in contemporary capitalism.Theory and society,42(6), pp.589-615. Hiller, J.S. (2013) The benefit corporation and corporate social responsibility.Journal of Business Ethics,118(2), pp.287-301. Huang, H. (2012) Piercing the corporate veil in China: Where is it now and where is it heading?.The American Journal of Comparative Law,60(3), pp.743-774. Ireland, P. (2010) Limited liability, shareholder rights and the problem of corporate irresponsibility.Cambridge Journal of Economics,34(5), pp.837-856. Jelsma, P.L. and Nollkamper, P.E. (2017)The Limited Liability Company. New York City: LexisNexis. Lawson, T. (2015) The modern corporation: the site of a mechanism (of global social change) that is out-of-control?. InGenerative Mechanisms Transforming the Social Order(pp. 205-230). Springer, Cham. Lehavy, R., Li, F. and Merkley, K. (2011) The effect of annual report readability on analyst following and the properties of their earnings forecasts.The Accounting Review,86(3), pp.1087-1115. Luchs, M.G., Naylor, R.W., Irwin, J.R. and Raghunathan, R. (2010) The sustainability liability: Potential negative effects of ethicality on product preference.Journal of Marketing,74(5), pp.18-31. Macey, J. and Mitts, J. (2014) Finding order in the morass: The three real justifications for piercing the corporate veil.Cornell L. Rev.,100, p.99. Tricker, B. (2011) Re?inventing the Limited Liability Company.Corporate Governance: An International Review,19(4), pp.384-393. Williams, R. (2012) Enlightened shareholder value in UK company law.UNSWLJ,35, p.360.

Set Apart free essay sample

They say a college essay should set you apart, telling the tale of a bruised young soul overcoming a major obstacle. However, what if you dont have a story of triumph and courage, showing leadership and dignity? Well, then you write. You write of your past and what brought you to this moment, sitting and pondering each choice youve made that led up to now. You write about the present, how you are confused, stressed, and dont know who to turn to in times of trouble. You write about the future – that is, if you know anything at all about what you want to do, including your major and profession, and how you are going to save the world, one cure for cancer at a time. Or you write to show the college admissions officers what truly makes you tick. You show the person behind those extracurricular activities and community service hours on your application. We will write a custom essay sample on Set Apart or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page You show them you. I kicked a soccer ball the moment I could scrunch my toes. I started doing community service at the age of 8. I traveled 11 hours on a stuffy bus in one day to play two soccer games. Mission trips have allowed me to meet amazing people. I have helped raise almost $100,000 for the American Diabetes Association. My Saturdays have been spent in soup kitchens and at church car washes. I have sung along to over 25 concerts in my 16 years of breathing, while my brother has yet to experience one. I have watched my father break my mothers and sisters hearts, packing a suitcase to leave town. My breaks have been spent reading Nicholas Sparks romantic novels, wishing they were true, and my first steps were taken at the magical world of Disney. I have gotten sick after taking one bite of a jalapeno pepper. My team won a state championship soccer game and my team lost a state championship soccer game. I have experienced love, but not as it is in the movies. I have begun to live my life. I have never tasted the salty bite of an olive. I have never found a cure for a disease or gotten over a 97 on a chemistry test. I have never baked a souffle to perfection or stood in the Food Network Kitchens next to my idols. I have never played the acoustic guitar or traveled to a third-world country to help those in need. I have never sat in a tub eating Ben and Jerrys ice cream because my boyfriend broke my heart, and I have never told someone I hated them and meant it. I have never broken a bone or suffered poison ivys itch. I have never seen anyone as strong as my mother, and I will never see anyone as strong as my mother. I have never written a college essay, but when I do, this is how I plan to do it.

Energy Drinks Essay Research Paper Example

Energy Drinks Essay Research Paper Example Energy Drinks Essay Paper Energy Drinks Essay Paper Something I learned in my last Health category is the ever-increasing usage of today’s new â€Å"Energy Drinks. † Caffeine is the individual most used drug in America. How many of us must hold that forenoon cup of java before heading out the door? How many college pupils are remaining up tardily at dark fixing for a mid-term or concluding test by imbibe these new. all natural. safe. energy drinks? You may desire to read their labels and set your thought. You may desire to include a small research in respects to these drinks. At this clip there is no long-run research to describe on in respects to energy drinks. What we do cognize is that these drinks have a assortment of ingredients such as ginseng. aminic acids. gingko. assorted vitamins. and high sums of sugar. However. the primary active energy ingredient is caffeine. At this clip. the FDA does non modulate the sums of caffeine that are in these drinks. They suggest that within a 12-ounce drink functioning the sum of caffeine should be 68 mgs or less. A study published by the Journal of Analytical Toxicology showed that of 10 of the most popular energy drinks had every bit high as 141 mgs in one 16-ounce helping. Want to use this paper for your academic needs? Conduct free essay plagiarism check first! The undermentioned 12-ounce energy drinks showed. Monster at 120 mgs. Red Bull at 116 mgs. and Amp contained 107 mgs of caffeine. To give a comparing. expression at Coke and Pepsi. They merely contain between 34 to 38 mgs of caffeine. Energy drinks have risen significantly in popularity in the last few old ages with grosss transcending $ 3. 5 billion a twelvemonth and turning. One study states that with the new found popularity there are turning concerns of the possible wellness effects among kids. striplings. and immature grownups. It states that 30 to 50 per centum of America drinks energy drinks. Of this sum they report that one third are from the ages of 12 to 24 consume these drinks on a day-to-day footing. Due to these drinks being chilled makes them easier to devour rapidly. High doses of caffeine have been linked to ictuss. cardiac jobs. temper or behavioural upsets. and diabetes. Additionally. these jobs have been linked specifically to the ingestion of energy drinks among kids. teens. and immature grownups. There has been a turning concern amongst the medical community. parents. and school functionaries in respects to these energy drinks on our young person. Numerous studies are being found to the inauspicious affects these high caffeine drinks are responsible for. The Illinois Poison Control Center reported in a recent study of more than 250 instances of caffeine overdose in a three-year period. The mean age of these histories was 21. A physician from California studies that an 18 twelvemonth immature adult male received intervention for an unnatural bosom beat after devouring eight 16-ounce energy drinks per flushing to stay watchful during his dark occupation. Another turning concern is the usage of these energy drinks as a sociable with intoxicant. A survey from 2006 showed that the persons surveyed were merely every bit impaired in motor coordination and reaction clip as persons imbibing intoxicant entirely. As stated earlier. there is non much grounds on the effects of long-run usage of caffeine on kids or adolescents. It is known that it can make physiological and psychological dependance in grownups. This being true. we must make everything possible to protect our kids from these non-regulated drinks. We need to take a firm stand on more research to be conducted in order to better inform the populace of the effects of the ingestion of these highly-caffeinated energy drinks and the inauspicious effects they have on our young person. ( Word Count 606 ) Flores. D. ( 2011. 03 16 ) . Health Effect of Energy Drinks on Children. Adolescents. and Young Adults. Retrieved 07 12. 2012. from ArticlesBase. com: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. articlesbase. com/wellness-articles/health-effects-of-energy-drinks-on-children-adolescents-and-young-adults-4423299. hypertext markup language.

Scholarships for African American Students

Paying for college can be a challenge for many students. While financial aid can alleviate some of the burden, many students may need some extra support. (For more advice on how to navigate the financial aid process, check out FAFSA, CSS Profile, IDOC, Oh My: A Guide to Financial Aid .) Scholarships can help you out. These monetary awards assist students with paying for postsecondary education. Some are need-based, meaning students must demonstrate that they have a financial need for help paying for college. Others are merit-based, meaning they are given based on students’ achievements. To learn more about the different types of scholarships available, read What You Need to Know for a Successful Scholarship Season . While there are many scholarships available to which nearly anyone can apply if they are planning on attending an institution of higher education, some are geared towards students with particular interests or certain minority populations. In this post, we will look at scholarships for African American students. The below scholarships are specifically targeted to African American students. Some of them have a financial need component, but most are merit-based. Click on the links provided to learn more about particular scholarships, including deadlines and other application details, and keep in mind that this list is not exhaustive. Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. Some individual colleges offer scholarships for students of specific minorities who attend their schools. Be sure to investigate whether they are available at the colleges on your lists and how to apply for them. Some African American fraternities and sororities may offer scholarships for members of their organizations. Talk to your group and leaders to find out more. If you are in a club or organization for African American students, speak the organization’s leader or adviser for advice on applying for scholarships. He or she may have ideas or know of organizations that provide awards to specific minorities. Be sure to also check out the website of the organizations in which you’re involved for scholarship opportunities. Finally, speak to a teacher or guidance counselor. He or she may have ideas of other resources for finding scholarships. To learn about how to apply for scholarships and resources to help in your scholarship search, read some of ’s posts below: Looking for help with your college applications? Check out our College Application Guidance Program. When you sign up for our program, we carefully   pair you with the perfect admissions specialist based on your current academic and extracurricular profile and the schools in which you’re interested. Your personal specialist will help you with branding, essays, and interviews, and provide you with support and guidance in all other aspects of the application process. Learn more about the program here .

Types of Inflation, Causes and how Inflation is Measured Essay

Types of Inflation, Causes and how Inflation is Measured - Essay Example It is important to note that, the higher demand will in turn pull up prices of commodities thus resulting to too much money circulating in an economy. This can be attributed in times of war, or rather political crisis in a country's economy. Pricing Power Inflation This also referred to as profit-push inflation. This is a type of inflation, which result from a situation whereby, individuals in business intentionally and administratively decide to increase the prices of commodities and services. This intentional move aims at increasing the profit margins. The makers exercise their market influence by increasing the prices of product and services to suit their expectations. It occurs in monopolies and oligopolies market. They do this due to their concentration in the market. Cost- Push Inflation This occurs when the price of goods or service increase due to the rising cost of its production or when the maintenance cost rises. It is apparent that the resultant excess demand created by t he rising cost of production causes prices to increase. An example is whereby price of an agricultural product such as maize rises due to an increase in the cost of fertilizer production. Wage-push inflation This normally occurs when wages or labor costs rises due the influence from the labor union’s demand for the increase in wages. In addition, as it happens, the productivity remains constant. The resultant cost and effect will drift to the consumers. The increase in the cost of labor will cause the business to cut down the number of laborers hence consequently resulting to the low productivity. On the other hand, the fall in productivity level, which is low supply, will cause prices to rise due to the constant consistency of the demand. This inflation causes unemployment since higher price level means that, no more laborers are needed. In this scenario, most institutions lay off some of the employees. Unless demand for the wage stops, there will be continuous, high price l evel coupled with higher unemployment and low output. Sectoral Inflation This kind of inflation occurs on the relationship between related or unrelated product and or services. This occurs when change in the price of a product influences the price of another. For example, a stationery user, a case, or a situation whereby the price of timber price rises, the stationery dealer will in turn increase the price of stationery items such as books to suit their profit margin thus causing a general increase in prices occurring in every unit of product or service. Supply shock inflation This arises under unpredictable circumstances in an economy, for example, when there is unpredictable drought occurrence, the price of the agricultural products will rise rapidly and especially when there is no enough stock to curb and fix the situation. Hyper inflation It is a form of inflation that occurs when country involved is in economic backdrop thus in dire need of monetary valuables and funding. It is where prices rise at a higher rate, and when the rate of inflation exceeds four digits. Creeping inflation It occurs where price level rises normally between 1 and 7%. Imported inflation It deals with international trade. The prices of imported goods normally have an effect in domestic prices. Causes of inflation It is worth noting that inflation occurs under various circumstances for instance when there are changes in the price of foreign goods. This will have an impact on the overall payment made to the outsiders.

Film review Argo Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Film review Argo - Research Paper Example The main character of Mendez is played by the director himself. The movie has received widespread success and is one of the best eleven movies of the year 2012. It was also nominated for a number of awards and also won many such nominations including the Oscars, Golden Globe along with other acclaimed awards. However many of the critiques have put forward that the movie diverts from the events that took place in real. This essay would compare the critiques of the different newspapers and would argue as to if these are logical enough to put down the story. The story revolves around the rescue and escape of six Americans from the American embassy when it was attacked by the Iranian revolutionaries. Although there were 52 Americans in the embassy when the attack happened, only 6 were able to escape through a back door and were then given a refuge in the home of the Canadian embassy. In order to save their lives, a CIA specialist made a plan to bring them safely back to their home. The p lan was to depict then 6 Americans as part of a Canadian film crew visiting Iran for a science fiction movie. However, due to certain mistakes on part of the group, the revolutionaries find out about the escape of these Americans. Due to limited time, the Americans had to be taken out of the country immediately. After certain last time escapes, the Americans are able to pass through airport security and reach home safely. However, the film has been criticized for being biased and not portraying the true facts of the actual events. According to The New Yorker, which is a US based newspaper, the film termed to idea of making a movie to rescue the six Americans as being ridiculous. It also comments on the representation of the Hollywood industry as being deceitful as well as the fake directors and actors which were hired for pure execution of their plan. It also shows severe criticism of the style showed during the film of the era in Iran. According to this article, the camera work is not up to the mark as well. As stated earlier, a movie based on historical events should show facts of the actual events but even this article states that this was not done so in this film. It includes that the real account of events as stated by Paul Mendez himself do not show any kind of a disruption or a problem during the passage of the hostages through the airport but the film follows a different storyline showing a number of events and actions in order to fill it with drama. The ending of the movie was also criticized for the same reasons as being far away from what actually happened. Overall, the movie did not receive a good review from The New Yorker in terms of the depiction of the actual events of the history (Film within a film, Web). According to The Telegraph of the UK, the strongest point of the movie is the execution of the storyline and the depiction of the Iranian revolutionaries. According to it, the recreation of the era is 1970s is exceptionally good as far as th e style of the actors is concerned. The dialogues are reviewed to be fast moving and appropriate with the scenes of US adopting a humorous approach whereas Iranian scenes were a bit serious based on the nature of events that took place. The talents of the director are praised, particularly the way he depicted and mixed the emotions of fear and violence. According to it, this movie may not have shown the facts of the act

Special Education Reflection Essay Example for Free

Special Education Reflection Essay Special Education 332 (Education and Inclusion of Individuals with Special Needs) has been enlightening for me as a secondary mathematics educator. In the beginning of the semester, my feelings towards special education were those of apathy and insensitivity. I now understand that my feelings were due to my lack of knowledge and my judgment based on stereotypes. I always knew that making fun of students with learning disabilities was wrong. However, I never felt that inclusion of special education students in general education classes was plausible or made sense. I felt that special education students belonged in their own classrooms; and that is why we have special education educators. As a prospective secondary mathematics educator, I felt that it was unfair that I would have special education students in my classes. I would rationalize my attitude by saying that I signed up to teach normal students, and that the special education students were not my problem or responsibility. I did not want to deal with them. I did not see them as individuals who seek meaning through learning. As a constructivist, my goal as an educator is to provide students with meaning by imparting knowledge. As I reflect on my feelings towards special education students, I ask myself why do I not see them in the same way. If they are students as well, why do I discriminate against them? Why is it, when I think about teaching students with learning disabilities, I get uncomfortable? It is due to my lack of knowledge of students with learning disabilities. It was not until I saw the movie (before our class) I Am Sam, my thoughts about people with learning disabilities started to change. The movie changed my perception that mentally challenged individuals are strange by nature because they do not seem to understand when people talk to them and is different from myself. The movie showed me that they do comprehend information, have feelings as I do, and most importantly, that I have wrongly stereotyped their differences. This course not only gave me the knowledge I needed to understand students with learning disabilities, I was also able to empathize with these students through active participation in the sensitivity activities. Participating in the activities during our class was eye opening; I was able to have a taste of what it was like for people with learning disabilities. I always believed that there was something wrong with people with learning disabilities, and thus classified them as abnormal. The activities made me realize that with their learning disability aside, they were no different from me. People with learning disabilities had their strengths and weaknesses, and I had mine. The activities, without fail, made me frustrated. I wanted to lash out at the world, and I always wondered why students with learning disabilities had emotional problems. I came to realize that people with learning disabilities live with their disabilities for the rest of their lives. That these sensitivity activities were only temporary for us, but it was reality for those dealing with the disabilities. This is what changed me the most, realizing this simple truth. Throughout my years at Lehigh, I have proclaimed that I have a passion to teach, to show students that mathematics is not difficult, and that they are able to understand mathematics. However, when it came to special education students, my philosophy changed, due to their learning disability. I was ignorant to the special education movement of inclusion, because I feared the idea of teaching students who were not normal. I use the word normal in quotations because I now realize that special education students are like anybody else, and that we, special and general education students alike, are all normal. There is nothing wrong with special education students. Special education students are individuals who desire to learn. My feelings towards special education students have also changed through my counseling psychology class. In the class I learned that every student, whether they are homosexuals, rape victims, Jewish, Christian, or special education students, are students. Every student should not be discriminated because of who they are; rather they should be treated as children who need to learn. I was annoyed to find out that students, who had special needs, were included in classes where teachers were not trained or educated and therefore did not know how to instruct these students. I strongly believe that the special education movement of inclusion will succeed only if general education educators become aware of what it means to have learning disabilities and understand the concept of universal design. One of the greatest tools that this class has given me is universal design. Universal design for learning is a process for considering the needs of all students in the classroom and designing curriculum, instruction, and evaluation with sufficient flexibility so that each student benefits (Turnbull, Turnbull, Shank, and Smith, 2004). I will not be able to teach my general education class with special education students in it, by using universal design to teach everyone. I believe that this tool is the most powerful one that will advance the inclusion of special education students in general education classrooms movement. Fortunately, I was placed in a classroom (for my pre-intern teaching experience) where there was a student who had learning disabilities, and was included in a general education classroom. I was able to experience having a special education student in a general education classroom. Through this experience, I was able to get to know the student, and saw that he was an awesome kid. I liked him so much because despite his IEPs, he impressed me with his determination to learn and get good grades. He was a special education student who sought meaning through learning. My transformation became most apparent to me in writing my advocacy letter. I wanted to condemn the publisher of the Website and give him a piece of my mind. How dare he condone such blasphemy? Does he not see the damaging affects that his Website has on the special education community? What I did not see was that I was just like him once. I was also ignorant and apathetic towards students with learning disabilities. Even though, I understand special education students better than I had in the past and empathize with them, I must be careful on how I educate others. How can expect others to listen to me and change their views if I do it in a way that makes them defensive immediately? I have to be sympathetic towards those once in my position, and must communicate myself to produce a change in their view of students with learning disabilities. Furthermore, I must not become disillusioned into thinking that I have learned everything about students with learning disabilities and that I have done a complete one-eighty in my view of these students. There was several times where I caught myself using the term retarded, in describing something that was unintelligent. I must understand that my advocacy towards this issue will only grow if I continue to find out more about learning disabilities, to watch what I say, and to be careful when trying to teach others to change their views. Overall, I must admit that I have been blessed from taking this course. I feel that I have grown throughout the course of the class, where I once stereotyped students with learning disabilities to understanding students with disabilities. Many people judge and classify what they do not understand, and through that ignorance is birthed. I am thankful that I have taken this class as I have become aware of my ignorance and have a deeper understanding and acceptance of those with learning disabilities, inside and outside of the classroom. References Turnbull, R. , Turnbull, A. , Shank, M. , Smith, S. J. (2004). Exceptional Lives: Special Education in Todays Schools. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.

Child Abuse and the System :: child protective services, protecting children

Can someone help! I feel alone! Why won’t they hold me? Why don’t they love me? A child that has been neglected, beaten, and unloved are crying out. When child abuse comes up in a conversation or just a thought that passes through when a story about another child being mistreated pops up on the news is a topic that most people have a hard time grasping or even understanding. Child abuse is a physical abuse but also can be an emotional one as well that is caused by a parent, guardian or someone else who is suppose to take care and protect them. Though some parents or care takers don't plan to hurt the child, abuse still can occur. Children of any age can be expose to abuse, child can be brought to dangerous drugs, beaten or even sexual taken advantaged of. A child as young as still in the mother’s womb can be abused. Children are mistreated by their loved one’s all over, but does taking them out of that situation help them? A child that often gets removed from a dangerous situation has to still relive the memories and hurt, when having to be forced to visit with the one’s who hurt them or even by the system itself. Child abuse does not discriminate against any child, it can happen to any age, race, religion, sex, or socioeconomic background. The spirits of these children are shattered, tender hearts are broken, and precious bodies riddled and limp from abuse. Children are broken down by the hatful words, the exposure to drugs, and the phyical handle from parents or others. Children fall into victims of abuse as young as unborns that have to suffer and deal with not being loved and introduced to harmful drugs. Some abused children are not noticed until it is too late. Phyical abuse is easier to notice or piont out such as the broosing from punches, beatens, kicks, bites, burns, or other harmful physical handlings but a child that is being sexually abused or emotional such as doing inappropriate touching or just the harmful sayings and the lack of love may be harder to notice but still happens just as often. These children are left to fend for themselves, learning signs of abuse my help a c hild, may even stop a parent from abusing and damaging a child even farther.

Business: Teacher and Job Enrichment

1. Analyse how these two sets of views can be applied to the work of Herzberg or Vroom or McClelland. These two sets of views can be applied to the work of Herzberg or Vroom or McClelland as the different points made in this case study relate or link to the theories that these three theorists have come up with. For example Bob Nelson believes that workers need some control of their work meaning job enrichment and being recognised for achievements made. This links back to Herzberg’s theory that workers can be forced into doing anything if the pay is high but this does not mean that they want to do it.They are not motivated. To motivate them they must be happy with their work space and the amount of supervision they have. The committee were not satisfies when the principal did not give feedback based on their work which really demotivated the individuals who put the time and effort to produce the report. This refers to Vroom’s theory of individuals choosing to behave in w ays that they believe will lead to outcomes they value. He said that there is a positive link between effort and performance.In this case each committee individual accepted to help create the report based on the idea and misleading that it will benefit them greatly as they would receive recognition. Again relating to McClelland’s theory, he said motivational needs are important as we as humans have these needs. The achievement motivation is shown when the committee individuals decide to participate to achieve something bing recognition which motivated them. 2. Discuss how the views contained in the extract above could be applied in practice to: -a restaurant -a food shop -teaching staff at a school or collegeI believe that not all the views stated in the extract can be applied to the specified businesses as people are different in every business. In a restaurant industry money is important to the workers as this is what motivates them to work and follow orders. I think some c ontrol of the employees work is not good when managing a restaurant as everything needs to be fast and as smooth as possible. The staff should be credited for good work and achievements they have accomplished in this case being a restaurant an award like employee of the month could be beneficial to motivate the employees to work.In a restaurant business communication is very important as it is the key to getting the correct customer orders leading to good customer feedback. However if there is no feedback the staff are not able to correct and improve their working habits which can cause a bad reputation for the restaurant. When dealing with a restaurant business I do not think that opportunity for growth and development education is necessary to the waiters as they do not have a big career path ahead being a waiter for example.But I do believe that team working is very important as they need to work together in order to deliver orders for example from the customer to the chef. Leade rship is important to a manager running the restaurant as everything needs to go as ordered and expected as there is no room for error to occur such as wrong orders or miss communication which will eventually lead to bad customer service, unsatisfied customer needs and a bad reputation for the restaurant. Teachers may not only be working for money but for the satisfaction they get out of teaching.Some teachers may be satisfied with the essential needs they had even before they started to teach meaning that money is not their need at the moment. I think that teachers need to have some sort of control over the way they work (job enrichment) as it will help them challenge themselves and have responsibility for their work. I think as humans they need to be thanked and recognized when they have achieved something as this will motivate them even more to do it again. It is important for teachers to receive feedback on their work as this will enable them to teach better.This can be done by other teachers assessing one another and sharing teaching methods as it will help them teach at their best ability. Communication Is vital to teachers at a school or college as this is how messages or requests are passed on or received. If a teacher does not receive an answer to their request from management it is very likely that they will be demotivated to participate or get involved in the future. Teaching staff at a school or college have limited opportunities for development as there is only a certain amount of promotions they can receive.For example an English teacher would only be able to develop their career path by being promoted to being the head of the English department. As for team working, it is important for teachers to work together as departments to complete certain duties. * Teachers should have good leadership skills as they need to provide clear instructions and set specific deadlines. If a teacher does not have good leadership skills then it may cause problems l ike students not following instructions or not having control over their class.

Dangerous Minds: Criminal Profiling

DANGEROUS MINDS: CRIMINAL PROFILING Author’s Note This paper was prepared for Into to Forensic Psychology PSY-501 taught by Professor Anna Moriarty Abstract Profiling is premised on the belief that behavior can be predicted based on knowledge of an individual's personality and personal characteristics. Criminal profiling limits this behavior analysis to suspects in the hopes that law enforcement will be able to narrow the pool of potential criminals and find the person or persons that committed the crime.Most law enforcement activity occurs after a crime has been committed and they usually have a very short time period in which to catch the criminal. If the police are lucky enough to get a case in the very early stages, time is even more crucial. This paper discusses how the use of criminal psychological profiling to identify perpetrators of specific crimes has become more commonplace in modern police work. Dangerous Minds: Criminal ProfilingCriminal or offender profiling as i t is sometimes referred to, is a law enforcement investigation technique that attempts to determine the type of person who may have committed the crime based upon an individual’s behavior at the crime scene or at multiple crime scenes (Devery, 2010). It is based on the premise that humans are creatures of habit and will follow a pattern of behavior. Profilers rely on the fact that normal human behavior; characteristics and patterns remain consistent, regardless of the action (Davis, 1999). A profile is a list of likely traits that the individual who committed the crime possesses.The purpose of the profile, like all other investigative tools, is to narrow the search parameters for police to a defined set of suspects that they can match to forensic or physical evidence if it has been recovered and is available (Davis, 1999). Criminal profiling is not a new concept. Early use of behavior analysis in criminal cases dates back to the 1800s. It was developed in response to violent crimes that often receive the most publicity and generate the most fear among members of the public (Davis, 1999). These are the cases that police are under the most pressure to solve quickly.Public perception of crime and criminal profiling is shaped by popular media, which gives an unrealistic view of what profiling adds to an investigation. Just like the â€Å"CSI effect† the public believes that a profiler can determine who did it, find that person and prevent further harm all in a half hour. Detectives who work these cases understand that criminal profiling is an important technique that is not worth much alone but when added to forensic evidence it eliminates suspects and builds a strong case against actual perpetrators.There are several types of violent crimes such as: murderer, rapes, molestation, abduction, armed robberies and so on. Some of these crimes are committed by people with a criminal past and some are at the hands of a person without any criminal history. T he sheer number of potential suspects can be staggering. The reverse may also be true, where no suspect emerges the magnitude of the investigation increases substantially. Most police departments especially those in less populated areas do not have sufficient resources or expertise to handle such wide reaching investigations (Davis, 1999).Types of Criminal Profiling There are two major types of criminal profiling, crime scene analysis and investigative psychology (Devery, 2010). Both techniques were created independently of each other but use many of the same procedures. John Douglas, a Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) agent for 25 years in the Investigative Support Unit (ISU) is credited with the development of the profiling techniques that are currently taught and used in the FBI’s Behavioral Science Unit (Devery, 2010). His techniques were born out of the ISU’s determination to work unsolved violent crimes in the 1970s (Devery, 2010).The second major type of cr iminal profiling is known as Investigative Psychology. This approach to profiling was created by Dr. David Canter, a British psychologist. Investigative psychology attempts to match the dominant themes in an offender’s crimes to characteristic aspects of their lifestyles and criminal history (Canter, 1989). The goal of this technique is to achieve an observed, rather than intuitive basis for criminal profiling that can be measured and tested in a scientific manner (Canter, 1989).There are two other criminal profiling techniques that are in the testing stages and as such are not yet widely used or accepted. The first is Diagnostic Evaluation (Devery, 2010). Diagnostic evaluation depends on the clinical assessment of the offender by a mental health professional (Devery, 2010). In this approach the profile is based primarily on psychoanalytic principles and the individual practitioners’ clinical perceptions. The second, geographical profiling analyzes the spatial decision making process of offenders and relates it to crime victims and crime scene locations (Davis, 1999).This profile provides information on how perpetrators target their victims. How is a Criminal Profile Created? The act of developing a profile is a process not an event. A criminal profiler will analyze certain physical attributes of a suspect such as: race, sex, residential or personal location, marital status, occupation and much more (Devery, 2010). In addition, they will look for specific psychological characteristics such as: personality type, psychological tendencies and behavior traits (Devery, 2010).A criminal profiler will examine what happened at the crime scene, determine the traits of the person that committed the crime, and generate a summary of common traits and behaviors of that person. Criminal profiling involves studying a perpetrator’s behavior, motive, and their background history, in an attempt to guide the focus of an investigation (Winerman, 2004). Much o f the profile is based on historical data that has been compiled over the years which contains the evidence and methods used by criminals in previous crimes, as well as psychological and sociological studies of criminal minds (Winerman, 2004).The criminal profiler matches the evidence from the present crime against those used by other criminals and then looks for correlations based on probabilities (Young, 2006). Therefore the profile itself is the product of a series of calculated assumptions that compare past and present crimes. The FBI Crime Scene Analysis Approach: Organized or Disorganized? The FBI crime scene analysis approach to profiling is based upon the premise that the crime scene reflects the personality of the perpetrator.FBI profilers produce psychological profiles of the perpetrators using information gathered at a crime scene and by examining the nature of the crime itself (Young, 2006). Through years of study they have been able to identify certain traits that put m urderers into one of two groups: organized and disorganized. An organized murderer is often profiled as being highly   intelligent, socially competent and charismatic. A disorganized murderer is profiled as being of average intelligence, socially  immature, and a loner.Other differences between organized and disorganized murderers can been seen when examining the extent of planning the crime, how they target their victims and the manner of death. Organized killers exhibit systematic patterns of behavior and well-defined plans. They carefully select strangers as victims, demand that the victims be submissive, there is discipline in the actual manner of death, they leave little to no evidence at the crime scene and may kill at one site and dispose of the body at another site in order to avoid detection. In contrast, disorganized murderers are spontaneous in committing the crime.There is very little planning; they usually are aware of or know their victims, and the manner of death is a surprise attack, which results in a large amount of physical evidence at the crime scene (Davis, 1999). In order for a local agency to obtain a FBI criminal profile they have to request their assistance and the case to be analyzed must meet certain criteria. The case must involve a violent crime, the perpetrator must be unknown, commonly referred to as the â€Å"Unsub† for unknown subject and all major investigatory leads must have already been exhausted (Devery, 2010).When creating a criminal profile FBI profilers use a six-stage process (Davis, 1999). The first stage is known as input as it is marked by the collection of crime scene photographs and diagrams, police reports, victim and forensic data and all other information connected to the case (Davis, 1999). Also called the manner-and-method phase it involves an examination of all technical aspects of the crime. For example, what type of weapon was used and how was it used? Was the shot at close range? Was it a singl e shot or multiple rounds?The second stage is the decision process phase (Davis, 1999). The profiler reviews all data and information and organizes it into preliminary profile. During this stage the profile will categorize the nature of the homicide (e. g. , single, mass, or serial murder), the intent of the perpetrator (e. g. , was this the planned crime or did it occur in the commission of a separate crime), the nature of the victim (e. g. , whether the victim was a high or low risk target), and the degree of risk that the perpetrator undertook to commit the crime.The location (s) of the crime and the possible length of time that was taken to carry out the offense (s) will also be evaluated. (Davis, 1999). The third stage is crime assessment (Davis, 1999). The profiler will attempt to think like the perpetrator to gain insight as to his or her reasoning processes. For example, the selection of a victim is often random and based on patterns that only make sense to the perpetrator. The profiler will try to establish the reason for the crime and the motive for choosing a particular location or day etc. During this stage the profiler will categorize the Unsub as organized or disorganized.The profiler will attempt to find why he or she selected the victim, whether the crime was planned or spontaneous, how the crime was executed, the nature and the types of wounds on the victim, and any ritualistic actions such as displaying or positioning the body of the victim in a certain manner. The profiler will examine the perpetrator’s behavior at a crime scene in three parts: the modus operandi, personation or signature, and staging. The profiler is looking for indicators at crime scene that will translate into behavioral characteristics (Davis, 1999).The profiler is also keenly aware that not all criminal behavior is consistent especially if certain events have taken place since the past crime. Perpetrators are constantly changing their methods. For example, if an Unsub has a need for his victim to be submissive and his or her first victim fights him he may tie up the next victim to avoid that problem. Incarceration can also impact how a criminal will act in future crimes. Career criminals learn from their mistakes and other criminal while in jail so they may change their approach for the next rime. Violent and habitual offenders have a tendency to display a behavior known as a signature or â€Å"calling card† (Winerman, 2004). This is an action that goes beyond what is necessary to commit the crime. Violent crimes are often a result of the fantasies of perpetrator. When the criminal acts out his or her fantasy there is usually some aspect of each crime that is a unique, personal expression or ritual. For this offender committing the crime is not enough, they must also perform a ritual to complete the fantasy.The â€Å"signature† is what the perpetrator leaves displayed at the crime scene (Winerman, 2004). Unlike method, an offe nder’s signature remains a constant part of them. It may evolve, but will always retain the elements of the original scene (Winerman, 2004). Staging is another criminal behavior that profilers examine. Staging occurs when the perpetrator purposely changes a crime scene before the police locate it (Winerman, 2004). Violent offenders stage for two reasons: 1) to avoid detection and 2) to protect the victim or the victim’s family (Winerman, 2004).If a perpetrator stages a crime scene they most likely have or believe they have some kind of relationship with the victim. They will appear to law enforcement as overly cooperative or overly distraught as they try to deflect suspicion away from themselves (Davis, 1999). Staging to protect the victim or the victim’s family is normally done by a family member or the person that finds the body in an attempt to restore some dignity to the victim or to spare the family the horrifying details of the crime (Winerman, 2004).It is often difficult to determine if an offender has staged a scene or if they are just disorganized (Davis, 1999). The fourth stage is the criminal profile (Davis, 1999). The profiler combines all of the collected information and adds their experiences with similar crimes. The actual written profile can range from a few paragraphs to several pages. The profile will contain the Unsub’s physical features such as: age, gender, race and appearance. It will detail the background of the Unsub such as: possible occupation and employment, military service, education,  residence, familiarity with the crime scene area, and elationship history with other people. The next portion of the profile report will contain information about the Unsub’s psychological personality traits. The last section of the profile report will provide strategies for identifying, interrogating, and apprehending the perpetrator. The fifth stage known as the investigation is the transmission of the completed profile to the task force or department that is investigating the crime (Davis, 1999). The final stage is the apprehension of the person or persons that committed the crime(s) (Davis, 1999).The accuracy of the profile is then assessed and the case is added to the profiling database. The profile is considered a success if an offender is identified and confesses to the crime. It is assessed as open if new information is obtained and the profile is redone with the new profile replacing the original. The National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime â€Å"NCAVC† organization, provides behavior analysis profiles of criminals based on information gathered from federal, state and international laws enforcement agencies (Devery, 2010). NCAVC consists of four separate and specialized units.Behavior Analysis 1 is responsible for counterterrorism or threat assessment including arson and stalking crimes. Behavior Analysis 2 is responsible of crimes against adults including sexual as saults, kidnappings and missing person cases. Behavior Analysis 3 is responsible for crimes against children including abductions, homicides, and sexual assaults. Behavior Analysis 4 is responsible for the apprehension of violent criminals including actual and attempted homicides. This unit also develops and maintains VICAP Web, the national database for these types of cases. Devery, 2010). The Investigative Psychology Approach Dr. David Canter, an environmental psychologist at the  University of  Liverpool, believes that his profiling technique offers a comprehensive methodology because it is based upon a collection of theories, hypotheses and results of studies of the history and patterns of behavior as they relate to certain  individual characteristics (Canter, 1989). Investigative psychologists believe that crime is an interpersonal transaction, usually between the criminal and the victim, within a social context.In other words, the perpetrator is repeating interactions th at they have had with other people under normal circumstances. The profiler using this approach will look for connections between the crime and aspects of the perpetrator’s past and present focusing on which actions are clearly unique to the individual. This psychological profile is done in five stages: (1) interpersonal coherence; (2) significance of time and place; (3) criminal characteristics; (4) criminal career and (5) forensic awareness. (Canter, 1989). Criminal Profiling as a CareerCriminal profiling (also known as criminal investigative analysis) is a professional subspecialty in the field of criminal investigation (Winerman, 2004). As a result, most profilers are FBI agents instead of psychologists. However, criminal profiling is the combination of two very distinct disciplines: investigative science and psychology. Criminal investigators need to know the physical and psychological traits of the perpetrator in order to know who to apprehend for questioning and testin g. Criminal profiling provides this information.Classes in criminal profiling may be taken as a subsection of another course such as psychology or as part of a criminal justice degree. Forensic psychology combines criminal justice principles with mental health concepts. Creating criminal profiles is one area of application for forensic psychologists within the criminal justice field (Winerman, 2004). Experts estimate that there are less that 100 profiler graduates a year (Winerman, 2004). A primary reason may be that this type of training is offered in only a few graduate programs.According to the FBI, successful profilers are experienced in criminal investigations and research and possess common sense, intuition, and the ability to isolate their feelings about the crime, the criminal, and the victim (Davis, 1999). They have the ability to evaluate analytically the behavior exhibited in a crime and to think very much like the criminal responsible (Davis, 1999). Does Profiling Work? Assessment and Evaluation Statistics show that only 2. 7% of criminal profiling cases actually lead to identification of the offender (Alison, Smith ; Morgan, 2003).Studies have found that FBI profiling techniques provide some assistance in 77% of cases, provide leads for stakeouts solving cases 45% of the time, and actually help identify the perpetrator in 17% of cases (Alison, Smith ; Morgan, 2003). Despite research suggesting that criminal profiling is ineffective in determining the specific offender, it continues to be widely used by law enforcements agencies throughout the world. Still there is a lot of controversy about the validity of the FBI approach to profiling.With respect to the organized or disorganized classification, psychologists contend that nearly all types of criminals will display a certain level of organization so this indicator does not really rule anyone in or out (Young, 2006). Psychologists further argue that the methods used by the FBI profilers have no sci entific basis (Young, 2006). In support of this, they point to the FBI profiler’s reliance on their criminal investigation experience instead of analysis of evidence that is specific to each reported crime (Young, 2006).Psychologists further argue that each crime has specific patterns that cannot be generalized and applied to other crimes (Young, 2006). In order words, criminal profiling in arson cases should not be applied to criminal profiling in murder cases. They contend that each type of crime should be investigated by conducting numerous case studies on that specific type of crime then a dependable pattern could be established. Conclusion Criminal profiling is an investigative technique that uses the analysis of behavioral and psychological traits to profile suspects. Some profiles have led to the identification of the perpetrator.Currently there is a lack of scientific evidence in support of the techniques used in criminal profiling and the proclaimed successes of crim inal profilers. Academic criticism supports the need for further research in order to determine if these technique can be improved and used successfully by criminal investigators. References Alison, L. , Smith, M. D. , ; Morgan, K. (2003). Interpreting the accuracy of offender profilers. Psychology, Crime ; Law, 9, 185-195. doi:10. 1080/1068316031000116274 Canter, D. (1989). Offender profiles. The Psychologist, 2, 12-16. Davis, J. A. (1999).Criminal personality profiling and crime scene assessment: A contemporary investigative tool to assist law enforcement public safety. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 15, 291-301. Devery, C. (2010). Criminal profiling and criminal investigation. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 26, 393-409. doi:10. 1177/1043986210377108 Winerman, L. (2004). Criminal profiling: The reality behind the myth. Monitor on Psychology, 35(7), 66. Young, T. M. (2006). Profiling pros and cons: an evaluation of contemporary criminal profiling methods. Hono rs Junior/Senior Projects. Retrieved from http://hdl. handle. net/2047/d10001281

The relationship between effective feedback and customer satisfaction

The relationship between effective feedback and customer satisfaction Executive Summary The following paper is a thought experiment, a work in progress that is unfolding as I observe today’s dynamic industries struggle to exploit multiple avenues to respond to customer complains. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of feedback system as one of the mechanism that supports functional element of organizational climate.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The relationship between effective feedback and customer satisfaction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The study methodology uses a trail group consisting of 35 members from the United States, Philadelphia region dispersed across a variety of demographic location and environments to determine how companies A, B and C quickly respond to their complains. The trial attempted to measure how fast companies A,B, C effectiveness responded to customers’ complains in relation to their defective devices in service industry perspective, and to evaluate the collective processes and outcomes. To effectively measure feedback system performance and satisfaction, the study uses variables that included technical-customer support, action orientation, phone-based technical support and information exchange. Changes in subject cognition were assessed using a series of conceptual model to measure reliability of the results obtained. Results of this study did however demonstrate that companies that engaged in feedback system and actively involved in strategic activities that requires introduction of innovative products and outreach program that mitigate customer problems before they occur reported high returns. Our conclusive results reveal that all the variables that related to feedback system positively linked to customer satisfaction. This study provides evidence of a relationship between effective feedback system in relation to solving customers’ complains and customer satisfaction. Introductio n Feedback system remains to be the most significant factor of organisational climate in resolving customer complains. For example, majority of computer companies in the United States continued to expand their products through implementation of effective and up to date feedback system.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Since many companies are thriving to survive through the competitive markets, many new and efficient products are such as iPod, Mac, iPhone are being introduced to the markets everyday. These products are reported to be widely successful due to the organisations’ communication system. This requires the organisation to implement effective feedback system with eminent good customer support that quickly responds to customers complains (Kaplan, 2006). The three companies assessment results present us an investigative framework to examine extend to which service firm utilises customer satisfaction data obtained from formal feedback mechanism. The essay further explores the effectiveness of feedback system using a questionnaire methodology to find out the relationship between overall feedback and customer satisfaction in computer companies in the United States (Fred, 2001): Fox, 2004). Literature Review Feedback system Lately, the three companies have been using feedback system for paying out customers with defective machines. For example, one of the Company’s products â€Å"iMac† was widely reported for to be giving clients problems and the company responded by giving 15% refund bonuses to all faulty 27 inch iMac in the UK and was also reported to extend $300 apologies to all its aggrieved customers in the US. In resolving the issue, the company responded quickly by offering free repairs to all the affected machines and launched a support page where it described how minor problems could be resolved and the re sulting warranty extension for each affected machine. The company also reimbursed customers who used their own money to repair the faulty machines and advised them take their drives to official company repair channels (Moore Knight, 2010; O’Reilly Anderson, 1980). Technical Customer Support The three service companies in our investigative analysis ranged top in customer satisfaction with phone-based technical support, communication, face-to-face communication, email communication, and information exchange in the American Consumer Satisfaction index (ASCI) in the second quarter of 2009. These companies were credited for offering the best technical customer satisfaction service within the Personal Computers category with a base score of 77 on a 100 point scale and earned 83 points in the second quarter of 2006. Business analysts have argued that the companies’ ability to focus on product innovation and customer satisfaction has won the company loyal customers compared to other PC vendors. Quality of customer service is always the determining factor for success of any company and not its products, and the three companies for this case have gained tremendously from such strategy. Van Amburg, the managing director of the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) argues that customers from other service providers were very frustrated with company’s customer service despite the quality of its PC hence loss of loyal customers and the services continued to deteriorate as years went by (Moore Knight 2010; Keizer 2009; Szmigin, 2003).Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on The relationship between effective feedback and customer satisfaction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In ensuring quality satisfaction in information collection, the companies launched Consumer Privacy Policy that ensures the collection, use and disclosure of personal information regarding customer issues are k ept at optimum security. The company pledges to safeguard personal information collected when visiting the company’s website, purchase of products and services and when a customer calls the sales team or support associates. Personal information collected here is aimed at helping the company deliver higher customer service and provide convenient access to company’s products and services (Apple, 2010; Levitan, 2004; Prasaad, 2009). The companies were reported to collect personal information in various occasions such as 1). Phone conversations with customer service representative and for this case, customer’s complains regarding downloading software updates or purchasing products may be collected 2). When customers interact with a service provider, information such as names, phone number, mailing address may be collected 3). Personal information may also be collected for market research purposes for example a client may be asked how often their use their computer a nd where they use it at. 4). Information regarding faulty devices was also collected on company’s website, iTune stores and MobileMe stores. The company then uses the data improve products and determine how best to provide useful information (Apple, 2010; Hewlett-Packard Development Company, 2010). The companies were said to partner with other service vendors such as MobileMe and iTunes stores to help in collection of information by requiring customers to customer’s to create an â€Å"phone company ID† before purchase of products. The ID is strategy is designed to help customers have easier access to web services and saves them time since they don’t have to give their personal information when requesting for services. The procedure requires creation of personal profiles by adding the name, phone number, email address or credit card number together with a suitable password that will be used to access the profile. Once the signing up procedure is completed, the customer is allocated personal ID and a password that the system generates automatically. Therefore next time the customer enters the website to re-purchases products is welcomed by personal greetings by mentioning his name and is able to access up to date information regarding the product purchased which can be used wherever the client goes (Apple, 2010).Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Action Orientation Companies are increasing exposed to intense pressure to deliver and better their feedback system. The intense competition requires companies to employ full array of management skills, ranging from managing people to communication. The end results are then used for analysis to help managers polish their skills. Here, action orientation packages, strategies and tools and timely guidelines are implemented to help managers and public relation representatives improve on their skills (Harvard Business Review, 2004; Purde, 2008). Phone-Based Technical Support The three companies were ranked among the best service providers in customer satisfaction with phone-based technical support hence the reason for using their data for analysis. Telephone conversations have always been regarded as traditional feedback system tools that improve customer loyalty. Due to the increased competition in service industries, economic pressures continue to squeeze these companies to ensure cus tomer satisfaction has reached peak point. Since majority of customer service professionals engage most of their time resolving customers’ issues and problems rather than engaging in proactive customer support, Levitan (2004) proposes the companies to try and reach the customer before they become frustrated and dissatisfied with automated calls. In addition, companies are required to be more involved in strategic strategies that involve introduction of innovative products and outreach program that mitigate customer problems before they occur (Herington Jacquot, 2005; Galindo et al, 2009, p.2839; Bettman, 2005). Information Exchange Cookies These companies admit to using cookies on its website as a strategy of keeping statistics on what parts of the websites are most hit and how much time clients spend on the website for purposes of product improvement. Secondly, cookies help in tracking the effectiveness of online advertising and for studying online traffic patterns. Thirdly , when personal details like the IP address is tracked, cookies may be used to customise customers’ experiences by offering services that can be found within the client’s location. For example, when a customer visits the sales website, support representatives lets the visitor register their name by signing up so that they can be referred by name next time they visit the website and even offered the opportunity to choose the country and language they wish to shop in hence increasing their online experience (Apple, 2010). Information collected Internet from log flies such as Protocal address is used for market surveys and indirect marketing purposes. Email is also considered as an effective marketing strategy if used appropriately. These companies for this case send emails to clients with â€Å"click-through URL† that links customers to the company’s products when clicked through. When the customer links through various links, cookies enable the company det ermine particular group’s interest and the effectiveness of customer’s feedback system (Apple, 2010; Dell, 2010). Pixel Tags Pixel tags are embedded graphics designed to provide reports on customer activities which help companies improve their services, keep track opened emails to avoid future spamming and keep customers up to date with software downloads and new company products (Apple, 2010). Publicly displayed information is public The three companies in our analysis used public information posted in chat rooms and bulletin boards as a feedback mechanism to improve their services, however, it claims to hold no responsibility for any misuse of such information by third parties. In a statement, Apple (2010) states that companies may help us process information, extend credit, fulfil customer orders, deliver products to you, manage and enhance customer data, provide customer service, assess your interest in our products and services, or conduct customer research or sat isfaction surveys (online). The companies are therefore delegated the responsibility of ensuring clients’ personal information kept in accordance to company’s policies of confidentiality (Apple, 2010). Methodology This study involved a secondary analysis of an existing data set developed from questionnaires of members in the Philadelphia region. The trail group consisted of 35 members from three computer companies across United States were dispersed across a variety of demographic location and environments to determine how fast companies A, B and C responded to their technical complains in relation their satisfaction. The trial attempted to measure the effectiveness of feedback system, and to evaluate the collective process and outcomes of customer satisfaction using conceptual model. Consumers participated in the surveys by calling, emailing and information exchange to reach the company’s customer support. Using survey data and call statistics from the three se rvice companies, the customers were required to complete a survey about their support experience and then pass the information to three interviewers. The interviewers were trained to the effective data collection methods of collecting timely and actionable feedback system that will positively impact customer service quality. The research relied on quantitative methods that focused on ascertaining feedback system tools employed by companies in their every day interactions. The independent variable in this study was feedback intervention as a key strategy to resolving customer complains. Table 1 provides more detailed analysis of participants’ feedback in relation to services they received from the three service companies. During the interview, each participant identified six functional deficits that most affected the companies’ functional performance in resolving their problems. The question was phrased as; â€Å"To what extent do you agree or disagree with the followi ng statements according to your computer service provider?† Participants rescored each problem area during the test administrations as indicated in table 1. The research uses quantitative tools that involve Statistical Package for Social Sciences in recording actual evidence and records. The quantitative technique used here will confirm the hypothesis and the relationship between the chosen variables. Questionnaires were chosen as our quantitative tool to collect data. It contained six multiple choice questions. The first questions were chosen on the three companies data based on products and services. The six questionnaire questions were aimed at measuring customer’s perception regarding their experiences with their service provider companies and the results were recorded using a five-point scale that ranged from 1 for â€Å"strongly disagree† to 5 for â€Å"strongly agree†. TABLE 1: Frequency of performance deficit from companies A, B and C performance m easures (N=35) Categories derived from deficits identified by Participants Frequency Percentages Strongly Disagree Disagree Neither Agree Strongly Agree Do I get through customer representatives by phone 5 25 1 2 3 4 5 Does companies A,B,C follow through the problems 1 5 1 2 3 4 5 Does your company offer repair services for free 3 15 2 2 3 4 5 Does the company performing routine activities of faulty devices 1 5 1 2 3 4 5 Do I feel supported when I have technical problems 5 25 1 2 3 4 5 Does the company remember customer problems and faces 6 30 1 2 3 4 5 Participants Thirty five customers aged 18 to 55 consisting of both male and female from Philadelphia region were voluntarily recruited for the study. All participants were required to have purchased the company’s products and used them for a period of not less than one year. Participants were unaware of the experimental hypothesis before the experiment. To participate, volunteers needed to have forwarded a t echnical problem to the customer support department and to have lived in the community for the same period. Conceptual Framework The research builds on conceptual framework to focus on in our methodology and data analysis. The results however show a strong relationship between effective feedback system and customer satisfaction in companies. The study proposed three hypotheses which included; Action orientation is positively related to feedback system Technical-customer support is positively related to feedback system Information exchange is positively related to feedback system Phone-based support is positively related to feedback system Data Analysis and Findings Companies spend huge portions of their earnings to manage their corporate image. And in many cases, the image of how people perceive the company in terms of customer satisfaction is given top priority. Customer service has of lately been considered as â€Å"industry buzzword† and companies that don’t give their customers quality services are starting to loose customer every fortnight. It’s actually difficult to measure customer satisfaction if companies are instead hiring public relation representatives to cover up their problems. To measure the feedback system in relations to customer satisfaction, the research sifted through personal surveys and previous studies as well as real life experiences of customers, to come up three best service companies and 10 sample questionnaires for customer service (Inside CRM Editors, 2010, p.1). Data of this survey were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software (version 13). Mean, medium, mode, standard deviation and variance were used to test the hypothesis to determine the relationship between effective feedback system and customer satisfaction and its variables (technical customer support, phone based technical support, action orientation and information exchange) in computer companies. Feedback Syste m Technical Customer Support Phone-based Technical Support Action orientation Information Exchange N Valid 35 35 35 35 35 Missing 0 0 0 0 0 Mean 24.28 4.83 4.01 6.02 5.76 Median 26.06 3 4 6 4 Mode 31a 5 5 7 5 Std. Deviation 5.401 .796 3.321 4.650 2.092 Variance 45.398 .005 1.181 1.008 1.80 Minimum 3 4 4 4 4 Maximum 36 3 5 5 5 The summary shows that there are 35 valid responses entered in the software (n=35). According to Moore Knight (2010), customers found it easier to reach agent in 2009 than it was in the previous year. On phone conversations, customers reported satisfaction as there were less connectivity problems with automated calls compared to the previous years. These company changes positively related to customer satisfaction since there was an increase of 9% with agent services and a 17% improvement in customer satisfaction in automated calls. The rising levels of customer satisfaction in these companies demonstrated the correlation between effective feedback system and service customer satisfaction. When complex consumer electronics become defective, customer often need fast, confident, effective and friendly support (Lumbue, 2008). Discussion and Recommendation One of the companies with defective software products was reported to extended its repair period for the affected Macs three years from the date of purchase, which is indeed a very good customer service any company could offer its clients since many extends up to the warrant period. This strategy will instantly regain the trust of iPhone users hence more sales of their products. The companies should also look into giving away unlimited online storage, this way clients will be able to take advantage of MobileMe services and the cost of providing this support will come down. For instance if the company gave customers free storage amount of 30GB and maybe charge a reasonable fee of $5 a year, in the long run the company would be benefiting from low cost of providing suppor t. Lastly, the company should open up user feedback and blogging on MobileMe devices so that users could make suggestions for improvements. To improve the quality of telephone conversations, companies should try and reach customers before they become frustrated and dissatisfied with automated calls. Companies are required to be more involved in strategic strategies that involve introduction of innovative products and outreach program that mitigate customer problems before they occur (Etherington, 2010; Purdue, 2008). Conclusion The study proves that companies must understand the importance of feedback system and how to leads to customer satisfaction. Other forms of data collection that includes technical customer support, phone based technical support, action orientation and information exchanges are all effective feedback systems which must be utilized to reach the overall organisational success. The study demonstrated the ability of simple mechanisms such as effective feedback sys tem affect customer satisfaction contrary to the past scholars concerns on history, ethnography, or ritual studies. Quality of customer service is always the determining factor for success of any company and not its products, and the three companies for this case have gained tremendously from such strategy. Due to the increased competition in service industries, economic downturns continue to pressure companies to ensure customer satisfaction reaches peak point. Since majority of customer service professionals engage most of their time resolving customers’ issues and problems rather than engaging in proactive customer support, companies should try and reach customers before they become frustrated and dissatisfied with automated calls. References Apple.(2010). Apple Customer Privacy Policy. Available at; apple.com/legal/privacy/. Acessed april 14, 2010 Bettman. R. (2005). Next deal. Psychology and Marketing, June. Dell. (2010). Service Information. Available at; http://support .dell.com/support/topics/global.aspx/support/my_systems_info/details. Etherington, D. (2010). 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New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Hewlett-Packard Development Company. (2010). Overcoming the no. 1 challenge in  data center transformation. Available at; http://h20338.www2.hp.com/enterprise/us/en/messaging/feature-sftwr-datacenter-bsa.html. Inside CRM Editors (2010). The 10 Best (and Worst) Companies for Customer Service. Focus, 1-2. Kaplan, B. (2006). Delivering customer service in a time of crisis. CRM Today,  January. Keizer, G. (2009). Apple tops annual customer satisfaction survey, but lead shrinks.  Computer World. Available at; computerworld.com/s/article/9136758/Apple_tops_annual_customer_satisfaction_survey_but_lead_shrinks. Levitan, B. (2004). Improving customer loyalty through proactive communication.  Consumer Interaction Solutions. Available at; tmcnet.com/call-center/0204/0204crm1.htm. Lumbue, R. (2008). Effective communication, perceived service quality, customer satisfact ion and international reputation. Uganda Scholarly, 1-300 Moore, Charles Knight, Dan. 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